Layer

OT / Fieldbus

Industrial and operational technology stacks.

Token-passing RS-485 fieldbus from PI for DP masters and slaves in factory automation. Baud rate, station addresses, and GSD device descr…

Industrial Ethernet from PROFIBUS International with Real-Time (RT) and Isochronous Real-Time (IRT) classes for cyclic IO. Device descrip…

Ethernet fieldbus where each slave processes and forwards a circulating frame on the fly for sub-cycle IO updates. Process data, distribu…

CIP (Common Industrial Protocol) over TCP/UDP for industrial control, strongly associated with Rockwell ecosystems. Explicit messaging co…

CIP on CAN for device-level networks — sensors, VFDs, and I/O blocks — with baud and MAC IDs set by switches or software. It shares the C…